Test Automation Framework
A Test Automation Framework is a structured set of guidelines, tools, and libraries used to automate software testing. It provides a foundation for creating, executing, and maintaining automated test scripts in an organized and efficient manner. Instead of writing every test from scratch, a framework offers a reusable structure that standardizes the testing process, reduces maintenance costs, and makes test automation more scalable and reliable.
The four most common types of automation frameworks are:
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Linear Automation Framework: Simple record-and-playback scripts.
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Modular Framework: Tests are broken down into reusable modules.
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Data-Driven Framework: Test data is separated from the test logic.
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Keyword-Driven Framework: Actions are abstracted into keywords that can be used to build test cases.
Example: A quality assurance team wants to automate the testing of their website's login feature. They decide to use a Test Automation Framework based on a tool like Cucumber. The framework would allow them to:
- Write tests in a human-readable format (Gherkin syntax), making them understandable to both technical and non-technical team members.
- Create reusable "steps" that perform actions like "I enter my username" or "I click the login button."
- Store different test data (e.g., various valid and invalid usernames) in a separate file, so the same test script can be run with multiple data sets.
This approach makes the automation process more collaborative and much easier to maintain over time.